Journal: Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology

Article Title: Development of a biomimetic thyroid acellular scaffold as a 3D platform for modeling thyroid cancer aggressiveness and drug resistance

doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2025.1692549

Figure Lengend Snippet: Retention of endogenous growth factors in the Thyroid Acellular Scaffold (TAS). The bar chart shows the concentrations (pg/mL) of key growth factors—Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF), Transforming Growth Factor-β (TGF-β), Hepatocyte Growth Factor (HGF), Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF), Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF), and Platelet-Derived Growth Factor (PDGF)—in native thyroid tissue and the TAS, as quantified by ELISA. Although the decellularization process resulted in a significant reduction in the concentration of all measured growth factors, the TAS successfully retained a substantial amount of these bioactive molecules. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation. **p < 0.01 compared to native tissue.

Article Snippet: Specific ELISA kits were used to detect the content of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF, R&D Systems, RRV00), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β, R&D Systems, RTB100B), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF, R&D Systems, MHG00), fibroblast growth factor (FGF, R&D Systems, MFB00), epidermal growth factor (EGF, R&D Systems, DY3214), and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF, R&D Systems, MBB00).

Techniques: Derivative Assay, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Concentration Assay, Standard Deviation

Journal: Advanced Science

Article Title: Gold Nanoturf‐Mediated Wireless Photothermal Upregulation of Human Adipose‐Derived Stem Cell Spheroids for Synergistic Skin‐Wound Closure

doi: 10.1002/advs.202515490

Figure Lengend Snippet: In vitro cell viability and gene/protein evaluation of photothermally upregulated hADSCs spheroids within the patch. a) Schematic illustrations of the formation and photothermal upregulation of hADSCs spheroids (D = 173 ± 14 µm; mean values ± s.d.; sample size = 90) within the patch under irradiation of the LED array (3 × 3, 630 nm). Inset schematics show the cross‐sectional view of hADSCs spheroids‐loaded patch along with the LED array inside the container filled with the culturing solution. b) Representative results of live (fluorescein diacetate (FDA); green) and dead (ethidium bromide (EB); red) assay of no treatment (NT), photothermal stimulation for 1 h (PT 1H), and 24 h (PT 24H) groups. Scale bar is 500 µm. c) Cell viability evaluated with flow cytometry double staining of Annexin V and 7‐Aminoactinomycin D (7‐AAD) (Sample size = 4). d) Comparison of gene expressions in NT, PT 1H, and PT 24H group evaluated by quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT‐PCR) (Sample size = 4, one‐way ANOVA, ** P< 0.01, *** P< 0.001 compared to NT, $ P < 0.05, $$ P < 0.01, and $$$ P < 0.001 compared to each group). Evaluated genes are associated with factors of heat shock protein (HSP), angiogenesis, proliferation, and anti‐inflammation. e–h) Amount of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF; e), keratinocyte growth factor (KGF; f), fibroblast growth factor (FGF2; g), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF; h) secreted from hADSCs spheroids in each group as evaluated by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA, Sample size = 6, one‐way ANOVA).

Article Snippet: To analyze the secretion of paracrine factors in CM from each group, ELISA kits were used for human VEGF, HGF, KGF, and FGF2 (R&D Systems), according to the manufacturer's instructions.

Techniques: In Vitro, Irradiation, Flow Cytometry, Double Staining, Comparison, Reverse Transcription, Quantitative RT-PCR, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology

Article Title: Development and characterization of a novel injectable thyroid extracellular matrix hydrogel for enhanced thyroid tissue engineering applications

doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1481295

Figure Lengend Snippet: Structural, Mechanical, and Growth Factor Characterization of Thyroid Extracellular Matrix (TEM) Hydrogels. (A) SEM images of type I collagen hydrogel, 10 mg/mL TEM hydrogel, and 20 mg/mL TEM hydrogel. (B) Elastic modulus of native thyroid tissue, type I collagen hydrogel, 10 mg/mL TEM hydrogel, and 20 mg/mL TEM hydrogel. (C) Toughness of native thyroid tissue, type I collagen hydrogel, 10 mg/mL TEM hydrogel, and 20 mg/mL TEM hydrogel. (D) Concentrations of growth factors (VEGF, TGF-β, HGF, FGF, EGF, and PDGF) in native thyroid tissue, 10 mg/mL TEM hydrogel, and 20 mg/mL TEM hydrogel. All data represent means ± SD. (n = 6; ** p < .01 vs. native thyroid, and p < .01 vs. 10 mg/mL TEM hydrogel).

Article Snippet: Specific ELISA kits were used to detect the content of growth factors, including VEGF (R&D Systems, RRV00), TGF-β (R&D Systems, RTB100B), HGF (R&D Systems, MHG00), FGF (R&D Systems, MFB00), EGF (R&D Systems, DY3214), and PDGF (R&D Systems, MBB00).

Techniques: